Esimeni soguquko oluqhubekayo lwesakhiwo samandla, umkhakha wezimboni nowezohwebo ungumthengi omkhulu kagesi futhi uyingxenye ebalulekile yokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla kagesi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla budlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ebhizinisi, ukunciphisa izindleko zikagesi, nokubamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni isidingo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukhona nokungaqiniseki ezicini ezinjengokukhethwa kwemephu yomgwaqo yobuchwepheshe, amamodeli ebhizinisi, nezinqubomgomo nemithethonqubo kule ndawo.Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziya okujulile kwamathemba entuthuko kanye nezinselelo zokugcinwa kwamandla e-C&I kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukukhula okunempilo kwemboni yokugcina amandla.
Amathuba e-C&I Energy Storage
● Ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo kuqhuba ukukhula kwesidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla.Amandla afakiwe emhlabeni wonke wamandla avuselelekayo afinyelele ku-3,064 GW ekupheleni kuka-2022, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-9.1%.Kulindeleke ukuthi umthamo omusha ofakiwe wokugcina amandla e-China uzofinyelela ku-30 GW ngo-2025. Ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwamandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile kudinga umthamo wokugcina amandla ukuze ulinganise ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo.
● Ukuphromothwa kwamagridi ahlakaniphile kanye nokusabela kwesidingo nakho kukhulisa isidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla, njengoba ukugcinwa kwamandla kungasiza ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokungafinyeleleki okukhulu.Ukwakhiwa kwamagridi ahlakaniphile eShayina kuyakhula ngesivinini, futhi amamitha ahlakaniphile kulindeleke ukuthi afinyelele ukutholakala okugcwele ngo-2025. Izinga lokufakwa kwamamitha ahlakaniphile e-Europe lidlula ama-50%.Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-Federal Energy Regulatory Commission lulinganisele ukuthi izinhlelo zokuphendula isidingo zingase zonga izindleko zesistimu kagesi zase-US zamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-17 ngonyaka.
● Ukuduma kwezimoto zikagesi kunikeza izinsiza zokulondoloza amandla asabalalisiwe ukuze zisetshenziswe ezimbonini nezokuhweba.Ngokombiko we-Global EV Outlook ka-2022 okhishwe yi-International Energy Agency (IEA), isitokwe sezimoto zikagesi emhlabeni wonke sifinyelele ezigidini ezingu-16.5 ngo-2021, inani eliphindwe kathathu ngo-2018. Ugesi ogcinwe kumabhethri e-EV uma ushajwe ngokugcwele ungahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokugcina amandla abasebenzisi bezimboni nabezentengiselwano uma izimoto zingenzi lutho.Ngobuchwepheshe bemoto-to-grid (V2G) obuvumela ukuxhumana kwezindlela ezimbili phakathi kwe-EVs kanye negridi, izimoto zikagesi zingakwazi ukubuyisela amandla kugridi ngesikhathi samahora aphakeme futhi zishaje phakathi namahora okungasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela zilethe izinsizakalo zokubunjwa komthwalo.Inani elikhulu kanye nokusatshalaliswa okubanzi kwezimoto zikagesi kunganikeza izindawo zokugcina amandla asabalalisiwe, ukugwema izidingo zokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokusetshenziswa komhlaba kwamaphrojekthi amakhulu okugcina amandla aphakathi nendawo.
● Izinqubomgomo emazweni ahlukahlukene zikhuthaza futhi zixhase ukukhula kwezimakethe zokulondoloza amandla ezimbonini nezohwebo.Isibonelo, i-US inikeza ikhredithi yentela yokutshala engu-30% yokufakwa kwesistimu yokugcina amandla;Ohulumeni bezifundazwe zase-US bahlinzeka ngezikhuthazo zokulondoloza amandla angemuva kwemitha, njengoHlelo Lokugqugquzela Ukuziphendulela LwaseCalifornia;i-EU idinga ukuthi amazwe angamalungu asebenzise izinhlelo zokuphendula isidingo;I-China isebenzisa izindinganiso zephothifoliyo ezivuselelekayo ezidinga izinkampani zegridi ukuthi zithenge amaphesenti athile wamandla avuselelekayo, aqhuba ngokungaqondile isidingo sokugcinwa kwamandla.
● Ukuqwashisa okuthuthukisiwe kokulawulwa komthwalo kagesi emkhakheni wezimboni nowezohwebo.Ukugcinwa kwamandla kusiza ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla futhi kunciphisa isidingo esikhulu samandla ezinkampanini.
Inani Lohlelo
● Ukushintsha izitshalo ze-fossil peaker kanye nokuhlinzeka ngamakhono ahlanzekile okushefa/okushintsha imithwalo.
● Ukunikeza ukwesekwa kwamandla kagesi wendawo kumagridi okusabalalisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yamandla.
● Ukwakha amasistimu egridi encane uma ehlanganiswa nokukhiqiza okuvuselelekayo.
● Ukuthuthukisa ukushaja/ukushajwa kwezingqalasizinda zokushaja i-EV.
● Ukunikeza amakhasimende ezohwebo nezimboni izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokuphatha amandla kanye nokwenza imali.
Izinselelo ze-C&I Energy Storage
● Izindleko zezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zihlala ziphezulu futhi izinzuzo zidinga isikhathi ukuze ziqinisekiswe.Ukwehliswa kwezindleko kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa isicelo.Okwamanje izindleko zamasistimu okugcina amandla e-electrochemical cishe zi-CNY1,100-1,600/kWh.Ngokuthuthuka kwezimboni, izindleko kulindeleke ukuthi zehle ziye ku-CNY500-800/kWh.
● Imephu yomgwaqo yobuchwepheshe isacutshungulwa futhi ukuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kudinga ukuthuthukiswa.Ubuchwepheshe obujwayelekile bokugcina amandla okuhlanganisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi okumpontshwa, ukugcinwa kwamandla omoya acindezelwe, isitoreji samandla e-flywheel, isitoreji samandla e-electrochemical, njll., kunamandla nobuthakathaka obuhlukene.Ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka ukuze kuzuzwe impumelelo.
● Amamodeli ebhizinisi namamodeli enzuzo adinga ukucutshungulwa.Abasebenzisi bemboni abahlukene banezidingo ezahlukahlukene, ezidinga imiklamo yemodeli yebhizinisi eyenzelwe wena.Uhlangothi lwegridi lugxile ekushefeni okuphezulu kanye nokugcwaliswa kwesigodi kuyilapho uhlangothi lomsebenzisi lugxile ekongeni izindleko nokulawulwa kwesidingo.Ukusungulwa kwemodeli yebhizinisi kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa imisebenzi esimeme.
● Imithelela yokuhlanganiswa kwesitoreji samandla esikhulu kugridi idinga ukuhlolwa.Ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwesitoreji samandla kuzothinta ukuzinza kwegridi, ibhalansi yokunikezwa kanye nesidingo, njll. Ukuhlaziywa kokumodela kufanele kwenziwe kusenesikhathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanganiswa okuphephile nokuthembekile kokugcinwa kwamandla ekusebenzeni kwegridi.
● Kunokuntuleka kwamazinga obuchwepheshe obunye nezinqubomgomo/nemithethonqubo.Izindinganiso ezinemininingwane zidinga ukwethulwa ukuze kulawulwe ukuthuthukiswa nokusebenza kokugcinwa kwamandla.
Isitoreji samandla sinamathemba abanzi okusetshenziswa kwezimboni nezohwebo kodwa sisabhekene nezinselele eziningi zemodeli yezobuchwepheshe neyebhizinisi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Imizamo ebumbene ekusekeleni inqubomgomo, ukusungula izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuhlola imodeli yebhizinisi kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe intuthuko esheshayo nenempilo yemboni yokugcina amandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-31-2023